Outcomes and post-discharge follow-up of neonatal tracheotomy in NICU / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To study the outcomes and post-discharge follow-up of neonatal tracheotomy in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).Methods:This study included patients who were admitted to NICU in Beijing Children′s Hospital from January, 2016 to August, 2021, and less than 28 days or 44 weeks(corrected age)on admission, and required tracheotomy.The patients were divided into tracheotomy group and the non-tracheotomy group (the parents signed to refuse the tracheotomy) according to whether perform tracheotomy.Demographic data, general hospitalization information, diagnosis, indications for tracheotomy, follow-up outcomes at 3/6/12 months of age after discharge of patients were collected and analyzed.Results:Totally 26 patients were included in this study, 14 cases in tracheotomy group and 12 cases in non-tracheotomy group.The average gestational age was(37.7±3.80)weeks and(38.99±1.83)weeks, and birth weight was(2 823.57±948.89)g and (3 320.83±378.76)g, respectively.There were no significant differences in sex, gestational age, birth weight, age on admission, weight on admission, age at diagnosis, ratio of endotracheal intubation for respiratory support on admission between two groups( P>0.05). The commonest indications of tracheotomy group were bilateral vocal cord paralysis(50.0%) and congenital anomaly/defect of throat/larynx(21.4%), and the commonest indications of non-tracheotomy group were bilateral vocal cord paralysis(50.0%) and vocal cord/subglottic mass(25.0%), and there was no significant difference between two groups( P>0.05). The rate of discharge-against-medical order of tracheotomy and non-tracheotomy group was 7.14% and 66.67%( P=0.003), respectively.The total follow-up rate of tracheotomy and non-tracheotomy group was 88.9% and 38.9%, while the follow-up rates at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months were 100.0% vs. 50.0%, 83.3% vs. 41.7%, and 81.8% vs. 25.0%, respectively, whose differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). In the 14 cases of tracheotomy group, 3 cases died, 4 cases successfully removed the tracheal cannula, 5 cases did not remove the tracheal cannula, and 2 cases were lost. Conclusion:Bilateral vocal cord paralysis is the commonest indication of neonatal tracheotomy.Parents′ compliance in the tracheotomy group is significantly higher than that in non-tracheotomy group.To give caring skill training for parents of neonates with tracheotomy before discharge is beneficial for improving the overall prognosis of children.

Investigation on biological subtypes of depression based on diffusion tensor imaging / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundBeing complex and highly heterogeneous with regard to the etiology and clinical manifestations of depression， neuroimaging studies make a breakthrough for exploring the biological subtypes of depression， while the current data-driven approach for the identification of subtyping depression using structural magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） data is insufficient. ObjectiveTo explore the biological subtypes of depression using diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） and machine learning methods. MethodsA total of 127 patients with depression who attended Beijing Anding Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria were included， and another 80 healthy individuals matched for gender and age were recruited through advertisements in surrounding communities during the same period. DTI findings， demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected from all participants. Tract-based spatial statistics （TBSS） and the Johns Hopkins University （JHU） white matter probability maps were used to extract fractional anisotropy （FA） values of white matter tracts. A semi-supervised machine learning technique was used to identify the subtypes， and the FA values for whole brain white matter of patients and controls were compared. ResultsPatients with depression were classified into two biological subtypes. FA values in multiple tracts including corpus callosum and corona radiata of subtype I patients were smaller than those of healthy controls （P<0.01， FDR corrected）， and FA values in middle cerebellar peduncle， left superior cerebellar peduncle and left cerebral peduncle of subtype II patients were larger than those of healthy controls （P<0.01， FDR-corrected）. Baseline Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） score yielded no statistical difference between subtype I and subtype II patients （P>0.05）， while subtype I patients scored lower on HAMD-17 than subtype II patients after 12 weeks of treatment （t=2.410， P<0.05）. ConclusionDepression patients exhibit two biological subtypes with distinct patterns of white matter damage. Furthermore， the subtypes respond differently to the medication treatment. ［Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （number， 2016YFC1307200）， the Scientific Research and Cultivation Program of Beijing Municipal Hospitals （number，PX2023066）， Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University （number，YJ201904， YJ201911）； www.chictr.org.cn number： ChiCTR-OOC-17012566］

An Atrial Fibrillation Classification Method Study Based on BP Neural Network and SVM / 中国医疗器械杂志

Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia, and its diagnosis is interfered by many factors. In order to achieve applicability in diagnosis and improve the level of automatic analysis of atrial fibrillation to the level of experts, the automatic detection of atrial fibrillation is very important. This study proposes an automatic detection algorithm for atrial fibrillation based on BP neural network (back propagation network) and support vector machine (SVM). The electrocardiogram (ECG) segments in the MIT-BIH atrial fibrillation database are divided into 10, 32, 64, and 128 heartbeats, respectively, and the Lorentz value, Shannon entropy, K-S test value and exponential moving average value are calculated. These four characteristic parameters are used as the input of SVM and BP neural network for classification and testing, and the label given by experts in the MIT-BIH atrial fibrillation database is used as the reference output. Among them, the use of atrial fibrillation in the MIT-BIH database, the first 18 cases of data are used as the training set, and the last 7 cases of data are used as the test set. The results show that the accuracy rate of 92% is obtained in the classification of 10 heartbeats, and the accuracy rate of 98% is obtained in the latter three categories. The sensitivity and specificity are both above 97.7%, which has certain applicability. Further validation and improvement in clinical ECG data will be done in next study.

Desmoid-type fibromatosis of the mesentery: a clinicopatho-logical and genetic analysis of 9 cases / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Nine cases of mesenteric desmoid-type fibromatosis were diagnosed and treated in Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University between January 2010 and May 2022, including 2 females and 7 males, aged 16 to 59 years. The lesions were in the mesentery of small intestine with 7 cases, ileocecal junction with 1 cases and transverse colon with 1 case. The tumors had an unclear boundary and no envelope, the section was solid, gray and tough. The mean maximum diameter was (10.7±8.5) cm (range 3.5-33.0 cm). Microscopically, fusiform fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were parallel, bunched or staggered, buried in a large amount of extracellular collagen. The cell morphology was relatively consistent, without obvious atypia, and mitosis was rare. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin (9/9), β-catenin (9/9), while smooth muscle actin (5/9) stains were focally positive. Ki-67 proliferation index was 1%-10%. Cytokeratin Pan, S-100, STAT6, CD117, DOG1, CD34, desmin and anaplastic lymphoma kinase stains were negative. Genetic analysis showed that there were 7 cases of c.121G>A(p.Thr41Ala) mutation of CTNNB1 gene, 1 case of c.121G>A(p.Thr41Ala) and 1 case of c.134C>T(p.Ser45Phe) double mutation, and 1 case of wild type. Tumors were surgically resected in all 9 cases. Eight cases had no recurrence or metastasis, 1 case had recurrence 6 months later, and no recurrence or metastasis after additional surgical resection.

Analysis of regional homogeneity and functional connectivity among the depression and bipolar disorder with mixed features patients / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the regional homogeneity (ReHo) among the major depressive disorder patients without mixed features (MDD noMF), major depressive disorder with mixed features (MMF), bipolar disorder with mixed features (BMF) and bipolar disorder patients without mixed features (BD noMF) patients, and to explore the brain activity and functional connectivity patterns of the MMF and BMF patients. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. The MDD noMF patients (MDD noMF group), MMF patients (MMF group), BMF patients (BMF group), BD noMF patients (BD noMF group), and age-and gender-matched healthy controls (HC group) were recruited from Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University between April, 2021 and June, 2022. All the participants underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning. The ReHo values was computed with the DPABI software based on the MATLAB. Firstly, the difference in ReHo among the patients with MDD noMF, MMF, BMF, BD noMF and HC group were estimated by the analysis of covariance and the post-hoc method (LSD or Games-Howell). And then, the brain regions with significant different ReHo values were selected as the seeds to calculate the functional connectivity with the whole brain. Results:A total of 29 cases in the MDD noMF group, 24 cases in the MMF group, 26 cases in the BMF group, 29 cases in the BD noMF group, and 42 in the HC group were included. The differences in ReHo values in the left fusiform and the left precuneus of the 5 groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Among of them, the ReHo values of the left fusiform were lower in the MMF, BMF and BD noMF groups compared with the HC group ( P<0.05), while the ReHo values of the left precuneus in MDD noMF, MMF, BMF and BD noMF groups were higher than that in the HC group ( P<0.05). The ReHo value of the left fusiform was lower in the MMF group compared with the MDD noMF group ( P=0.001); the ReHo value of the left fusiform was lower in the BMF group compared with the MDD noMF and BD noMF groups ( P<0.05). The functional connectivity between the left fusiform and vermis, left insula, right putamen, and left medial superior frontal gyrus, and functional connectivity between the left precuneus and right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral) showed significant difference among the MDD noMF, MMF, BMF, BD noMF and HC groups ( P<0.05). Compared with HC group, MDD noMF, MMF, BD noMF groups showed higher functional connectivity between the left fusiform and the vermis, and MDD noMF, MMF, BMF, BD noMF group showed higher functional connectivityy between the the left fusiform and the left insula, left medial superior frontal gyrus and right putamen ( P<0.05). Compared with the MDD noMF group, the MMF, BMF and BD noMF groups showed higher functional connectivity between the left fusiform and the left insula ( P<0.05). Compared with the MDD noMF group, the BMF and BD noMF groups had higher functional connectivity between the left fusiform and the left medial superior frontal gyrus ( P<0.05). The BMF group showed higher functional connectivity of the left fusiform with the right putamen than the MDD noMF and BD noMF groups. Additonally, the BMF and BD noMF groups showed higher functional connectivity between the left precuneus and the right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral) than HC, MDD noMF and MMF groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions:MMF and BMF patients have local abnormalities of functional activity synchronization in the left fusiform and precuneus and abnormal functional connectivity patterns with multiple brain regions. MMF and BMF patients have specific neuroimaging features compared to MDD noMF or BD noMF patients and also share similar neuroimaging pathogenesis.

Effects of modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on intestinal microflora in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on intestinal microflora in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods:From April to June 2021, 60 specific pathogen-free Wistar rats were selected for this study. They were randomly divided into blank control, model, traditional Chinese medicine, and western medicine groups with 15 rats per group. Rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with lung and spleen deficiency were established in all groups except the blank control group. Rat models in the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine groups were administered modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and synbiotics. Rat models in the model and blank control groups were identically administered 0.9% sodium chloride injection. After 7 days, the feces of rats in each group were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal flora. Effective sequences were clustered to obtain operational taxonomic units for principal coordinate analysis, species composition analysis, and alpha diversity analysis. The effects of modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on the structure, diversity, and abundance changes of intestinal flora were analyzed. Results:The dominant bacteria in the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine groups were Firmicutes, while the dominant bacteria in the blank control and model groups were Bacteroides. The dominant bacterial groups in each group were mainly Lactobacillus and Bacteroides. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Shannon index in the community diversity indices of traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine, and blank control groups was (3.65 ± 0.35), (3.65 ± 0.36), and (3.59 ± 0.20), respectively, which were significantly higher than (3.37 ± 0.26) in the model group ( t = 2.49, 2.44, 2.60, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the Shannon index among traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine, and blank control groups (all P > 0.05). The Sobs index of the traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine, and blank control group was (458.67 ± 73.11), (454.80 ± 95.13), and (525.93 ± 101.88), respectively, which were significantly higher than (337.40 ± 37.49) in the model group ( t = 5.72, 4.45, 6.73, all P < 0.05). The Sobs index in the blank control group was higher than that in the western medicine group. There was no significant difference in the Sobs index between blank control and traditional Chinese medicine groups and between western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine groups (both P > 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis revealed that compared with the blank control group, Actinomycetes decreased and Proteobacteria and Desulfurization bacteria increased at the phylum level in the model group, while compared with the blank control group, Bacteroides, Rombutzia,Trichospirillus, and Parabacteroides increased, and Prevotella, Clostridium, Brucella, and Ruminococcus decreased at the genus level. Compared with the western medicine group, Bacillus, Prevotella, Brucella, and Prevotellidae in the traditional Chinese medicine group increased, while Clostridium, Pectinobacter, Christensen, and Trichospirillus decreased in the traditional Chinese medicine group. There was a statistically significant difference in the composition of the bacterial population between groups (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:There is an imbalance in intestinal microecology in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Modified Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can regulate the intestinal microecology environment, improve the structure of intestinal flora, and increase the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora.

An applied research on precise sustentacular screw placement based on anatomical division of the anterior lateral wall of calcaneus and the sustentaculum tali / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To evaluate our novel path based on anatomical division of the anterior lateral wall of calcaneus and the sustentaculum tali for precise sustentacular screw placement in the surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures of Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Methods:The anterior lateral wall of the calcaneus was divided into the anterior-superior zone S 1, the anterior-inferior zone S 2, the posterior-superior zone S 3 and the posterior-inferior zone S 4 for demarcation of the screw insertion points by our method of Four Zones, and into the front, middle and rear sections by our method of Three Sections for demarcation of the screw target points. The specimens were scanned by CT and modeled by Mimics. On the 3D virtual model of the calcaneus, one screw was placed from each zone of the anterior lateral wall of the calcaneus to the sustentaculum tali body. The screw placement target for S 1 and S 2 was the medial intersection point P 1 of the front and middle sections of the sustentaculum tali, and that for S 3 and S 4 was the medial intersection point P 2 of the middle and rear sections of the sustentaculum tali. It was observed whether the screws were placed in the bone channel. A total of 72 patients were included who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedics, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University for calcaneal fractures of Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ from January 2017 to January 2021. They were divided into an anatomical division group and a 3D printing group according to their screw placement method for the sustentaculum tali. In the anatomical division group of 32 patients subjected to screw placement based on our anatomical division, there were 25 males and 7 females, aged from 24 to 60 years; in the 3D printing group of 40 patients subjected to screw placement assisted by 3D printing, there were 31 males and 9 females, aged from 25 to 58 years. The disparities between the parameters of sustentacular screw placement and the actual values were compared in the anatomical division group, and the total number of screws, screws on average, distribution of screws, and accuracy of screw placement were compared between the 2 groups. Results:All the screws which were virtually placed in the specimens of the calcaneus from S 1 and S 2 to P 1 and from S 3 and S 4 to P 2 passed through the bony channel, with no perforation into the tarsal sinus. There was no significant difference in the general date between the anatomical division group and the 3D printing group, showing they were comparable ( P > 0.05). In the anatomical division group, a total of 52 screws were placed to the sustentaculum tali with an average of (1.63 ± 0.48) screws per patient, and 2 screws were placed in 20 patients, yielding an accuracy rate of screw placement of 92.3% (48/52). There were no statistically significant differences between the parameters and the actual values of screw placement in the anatomical division group ( P > 0.05). In the 3D printing group, a total of 63 screws were placed to the sustentaculum tali with an average of (1.58 ± 0.49) screws per patient, and 2 screws were placed in 23 patients, yielding an accuracy rate of screw placement of 93.7% (59/63). There were no significant differences in the above comparisons between the anatomical division group and the 3D printing group ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:In the surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures of Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the sustentacular screw placement based on our anatomical division of the anterior lateral wall of the calcaneus and the sustentaculum tali can lead to similar clinical accuracy as 3D printing-assisted screw placement does.

A primary study of evaluating the left ventricular myocardial strain in patients with coronary heart disease by CT feature tracking / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To explore the technical feasibility of CT feature tracking (CT-FT) technique in evaluating left ventricular myocardial strain and evaluate the change of myocardial strain in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Eighty-one patients with coronary heart disease (lesion group) and 33 patients with normal coronary artery (control group) matched with age and sex were collected retrospectively from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from April 2019 to October 2020. The lesion group was first divided into single vessel stenosis group (42 cases) and multi vessel stenosis group (39 cases) according to the number of coronary artery stenosis branches, and the global myocardial strains of the left ventricle between the groups were analyzed. Lesion site included the left anterior descending branch (LAD), right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex branch (LCX), respectively. According to the degree of vascular stenosis, the lesion groups were divided into normal group, mild stenosis group, moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group. The segmental myocardial strains of the branch segment of LAD, RCA or LCX were analyzed between groups. All CCTA examinations were performed with retrospective electrocardiogram gating. CVI 42 cardiac postprocessing software was used to obtain myocardial strain parameters, including global peak longitudinal strain (GPLS), global peak circumferential strain (GPCS), global peak radial strain (GPRS), and the segmental myocardial strains of the branch segment of LAD, RCA or LCX. The segmental myocardial strains included the peak longitudinal strain (PLS), peak circumferential strain (PCS) and peak radial strain (PRS). One way ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis H test were used for multi group analysis. Results:With the increased number of coronary artery stenosis branches, the absolute value of GPLS gradually decreased. The GPLS of the control group, single vessel stenosis group and multi vessel stenosis group were -14.1%±2.7%, -11.5%±2.3% and -8.8%±2.0%, respectively. The difference of GPLS between the 3 groups or any 2 groups was statistically significant (all P<0.001). The absolute values of GPRS and GPRS in multi vessel stenosis group were significantly lower than those in control group and single vessel stenosis group (all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in GPRS or GPRS between single vessel stenosis group and control group ( P=0.083, 0.118). And there were significant differences in the segmental myocardial strains of the branch segment of LAD, RCA or LCX among 3 groups ( P<0.001). In severe stenosis group, the absolute values of PRS, PCS and PLS in LAD, RCA or LCX were significantly lower than those in moderate stenosis group, mild stenosis group and normal group (all P<0.05). In the moderate stenosis group, the absolute value of PLS in each branch segment was lower than that of the mild stenosis and normal group (all P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in any 2 other myocardial strain parameters of each branch (all P>0.05). Conclusions:CT-FT technique was feasible to evaluate left ventricular myocardial function. With the increased number or degree of coronary artery stenosis, the global and segmental myocardial strain parameters of left ventricle gradually decreased, and the longitudinal strain was more sensitive.

IgD multiple myeloma: report of 1 case and review of literature / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of IgD multiple myeloma (MM) and the effect and prognosis of daratumumab-based combination therapy.Methods:The clinicopathological data of a IgD MM patient with disease progression and extramedullary infiltration treated with daratumumab in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University in December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The 74-year-old woman was diagnosed as IgD MM by bone marrow aspiration and immunofixation electrophoresis. The patient was given VD (bortezomib, dexamethasone), RD (lenalidomide, dexamethasone) and ID (ixazomib, dexamethasone) regimens. In June 2020, the patient developed multiple subcutaneous nodules, and she was assessed as progressive disease with extensive extramedullary infiltration. After treated with daratumumab-PAD (liposomal doxorubicin, bortezomib, dexamethasone) regimen, the patient's subcutaneous nodules were significantly reduced and partially disappeared, and the general condition was significantly improved. But the patient was in a cachexia state and finally died of the irregular treatment and disease progression.Conclusions:IgD MM has a low incidence and a short survival period, and there is no uniform standard treatment. The early application of daratumumab combined with proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulators, cytotoxic drugs and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may improve the overall survival of patients.

Analysis of etiological composition and changing trend of chronic kidney disease / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the etiological composition and changing trends in chronic kidney disease.Methods:CKD patients from our hospital were in cluded in the study from three separate periods, 173 patients from 1990-1991, 956 patients from 2009-2010, and 1440 patients from 2018-2019. The etiology of CKD in patients between the younger and middle-aged group and the elderly group were compared using the χ2 test, and the Bonferroni method was used to correct the pairwise comparisons.Results:The leading cause of CKD in 1990-1991, 2009-2010, and 2018-2019 was chronic glomerulonephritis (52%), chronic glomerulonephritis (35%), and diabetes (36%), respectively. The distribution of the etiologies was different signficantly among the three cohorts (χ2=74.375, P<0.001). Compared with 1990-1991, the percentage of CKD related to diabetes (χ2=14.847, P=0.001) and hypertension (χ2=12.279, P=0.002) significantly increased, while chronic glomerulonephritis showed a downward trend (χ2=19.976, P<0.001). Among the elderly CKD patients, the leading cause of CKD in the three cohorts was chronic glomerulonephritis (34%), diabetes (40%), and diabetes (43%), respectively. Conversely, diabetes and hypertension have become the predominant causes in 2009-2010 and 2018-2019. Although chronic glomerulonephritis remained the leading cause of CKD in the past 30 years, the percentage declined gradually among the younger and middle-aged patients with CKD. The percentage of CKD related to diabetes (χ2=31.345, P<0.001) and hypertension (χ2=15.485, P<0.001) significantly increased. In addition, in the 2018-2019 cohort, there were 494 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and the percentage of ESRD related to diabetes and hypertension were 48% and 37%, respectively. Conclusion:Diabetes and hypertension have become the predominant causes of CKD in Chinese elderly patients. Although chronic glomerulonephritis was the leading cause among the younger and middle-aged patients with CKD, the percentage declined gradually. Additionally, diabetes and hypertension were also the predominant causes of ESRD.

Clinical study of acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To observe the efficacy of acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury.Methods:A total of 40 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 20 cases each. The control group received routine basic therapy and cognitive function training, and the treatment group received rTMS combined with acupuncture based on the control group treatment. Both two groups were treated for 4 weeks. The MMSE, MoCA, latency and amplitude were used before and after treatment to compare the difference between the two groups.Results:The MMSE (23.60 ± 2.16 vs. 21.70 ± 2.87, t=-2.366) and MoCA (21.75 ± 3.35 vs. 19.05 ± 2.46, t=-2.903) scores in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). There were no significant difference in latency and amplitude of motor evoked potential between both groups before and after treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with rTMS can improve the cognitive function of patients with cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury.

Analysis of the status of professional self-efficacy and its influencing factors among postgraduates in Master of Nursing Specialist / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of professional self-efficacy and its influencing factors among postgraduates in Master of Nursing Specialist(MNS).Methods:Totally 185 postgraduates from 33 universities were chosen by convenience sampling from December 2018 to January 2019 for a cross-sectional survey. Subjects completed a questionnaire covering demographic data, Professional Self-efficacy Questionnaire for Nursing Students, the Chinese version of Proactive Personality Scale and Career Social Support Inventory for Chinese College Students.Results:The score of professional self-efficacy was (92.78±13.22) . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the sense of achievement in clinical work, proactive personality and career decision support were the influencing factors of postgraduates professional self-efficacy, with an interpretability of 40.2%.Conclusion:Professional self-efficacy of postgraduates is at upper middle level. Schools, hospitals and other relevant institutions should further improve the postgraduates cultivation model, establish high quality clinical practice bases, encourage postgraduates to actively explore career development pathway and provide adequate advices and supports, to improve the professional self-efficacy of postgraduates.

An anesthesia depth computing method study based on wavelet transform and artificial neural network / 生物医学工程学杂志

General anesthesia is an essential part of surgery to ensure the safety of patients. Electroencephalogram (EEG) has been widely used in anesthesia depth monitoring for abundant information and the ability of reflecting the brain activity. The paper proposes a method which combines wavelet transform and artificial neural network (ANN) to assess the depth of anesthesia. Discrete wavelet transform was used to decompose the EEG signal, and the approximation coefficients and detail coefficients were used to calculate the 9 characteristic parameters. Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was made to these characteristic parameters, and the test showed that the parameters were statistically significant for the differences of the four levels of anesthesia: awake, light anesthesia, moderate anesthesia and deep anesthesia (

Development of Respiratory Signal Extraction System Based on Photoplethysmography / 中国医疗器械杂志

Oxygen saturation and respiratory signals are important physiological signals of human body, respiratory monitoring plays an important role in clinical and daily life. A system was established to extract respiratory signals from photoplethysmography in this study. Including the collection of pulse wave signal, the extraction of respiratory signal, and the calculation of respiratory rate and pulse rate transmitted from the slave computer to the host computer in real time.

Application of Improved Wavelet Threshold in Denoising of ECG Signals / 中国医疗器械杂志

The ECG signal is susceptible to interference from the external environment during the acquisition process, affecting the analysis and processing of the ECG signal. After the traditional soft-hard threshold function is processed, there is a defect that the signal quality is not high and the continuity at the threshold is poor. An improved threshold function wavelet denoising is proposed, which has better regulation and continuity, and effectively solves the shortcomings of traditional soft and hard threshold functions. The Matlab simulation is carried out through a large amount of data, and various processing methods are compared. The results show that the improved threshold function can improve the denoising effect and is superior to the traditional soft and hard threshold denoising.

EEG Signal Analysis Methods and Their Applications / 中国医疗器械杂志

EEG is a weak physiological electrical signal, which has important value in clinical and laboratory research. This paper mainly introduces several common methods of EEG signal processing, including power spectrum analysis, time-frequency analysis, bispectral analysis, etc, it mainly introduces their principles and applications in EEG signal processing, and provides methods and approaches for studying EEG.

Qualitative research on the sources of meaning in life in community elderly people / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To investigate the sources of meaning in life of the elderly in the community.@*Methods@#The phenomenological approach was conducted in Guangzhou Yuexiu Liurong community health service center and Shouxing nursing home in Baiyun District, a total of 21 elderly were interviewed by semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews data were analyzed by Nvivo11.@*Results@#The elderly in the community were less concerned about the meaning in life. The level of meaning in life ranges from nothing to high, and some elderly had not explored it yet. Sources of meaning in life for elderly were quite different from when he was young: one valued work, earn money and self-improvement more when young, but as the growth of age, one would pay more attention to family and health. The sources of meaning in life included suffering, autonomy, family, make contributions and faith.@*Conclusion@#In the future, the sense of meaning in life of the elderly can be enhanced from the perspective of individuals, families and society by identifying the sources of meaning of the elderly.

Cross-cultural adjustment of successful aging scale and its reliability and validity in urban elderly / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective@#To revised the Taiwan version successful aging inventory (SAI), and verify its reliability and validity in urban elderly in mainland China.@*Methods@#SAI was adjusted by culture and revised by pre-test to form a formal questionnaire. A sample of 600 elderly people in Guangzhou was chosen for a face-to-face questionnaire survey through convenient sampling. Half of the sample (n=300) was randomly selected for exploratory factor analysis, and the other was used to confirm the structural validity of SAI.@*Results@#Exploratory factor analysis extracted six common factors, including health autonomy, economic security, life adaptation, society and relative relationship, study and family. The cumulative contribution rate of six common factors was 65.366%. The fitting indexes of confirmatory factor analysis were χ2/df=1.861, CFI=0.930, IFI=0.930, TLI=0.923, GFI=0.823, RMSEA=0.054, RMR=0.073. There were significant ceiling effects in the four dimensions of health autonomy, economic security, life adaptation, and family. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's α) of SAI was 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.943. An average score of SAI ≥ 3.95 points was considered successful aging.@*Conclusion@#Reliability and validity of SAI are good, which can be used to measure the successful aging status of Chinese elders and track the effectiveness of health promotion measures.

Cross-cultural adjustment of successful aging scale and its reliability and validity in urban elderly / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To revised the Taiwan version successful aging inventory (SAI),and verify its reliability and validity in urban elderly in mainland China.Methods SAI was adjusted by culture and revised by pre-test to form a formal questionnaire.A sample of 600 elderly people in Guangzhou was chosen for a face-to-face questionnaire survey through convenient sampling.Half of the sample (n=300) was randomly selected for exploratory factor analysis,and the other was used to confirm the structural validity of SAI.Results Exploratory factor analysis extracted six common factors,including health autonomy,economic security,life adaptation,society and relative relationship,study and family.The cumulative contribution rate of six common factors was 65.366％.The fitting indexes of confirmatory factor analysis were x2/df=1.861,CFI =0.930,IFI =0.930,TLI =0.923,GFI =0.823,RMSEA =0.054,RMR =0.073.There were significant ceiling effects in the four dimensions of health autonomy,economic security,life adaptation,and family.The intemal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's α) of SAI was 0.930,and the test-retest reliability was 0.943.An average score of SAI ≥ 3.95 points was considered successful aging.Conclusion Reliability and validity of SAI are good,which can be used to measure the successful aging status of Chinese elders and track the effectiveness of health promotion measures.

Up-regulation of P2X7 Receptors Contributes to Spinal Microglial Activation and the Development of Pain Induced by BmK-I / 神经科学通报·英文版

Previous work has demonstrated that the sensitization of spinal neurons and microglia is important in the development of pain behaviors induced by BmK I, a Na channel activator and a major peptide component of the venom of the scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK). We found that the expression of P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) was up-regulated in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn after BmK I injection in rats. P2X7R was selectively localized in microglia but not astrocytes or neurons. Similarly, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) was selectively up-regulated in microglia in the spinal dorsal horn after BmK I injection. Intrathecal injection of P2X7R antagonists largely reduced BmK I-induced spontaneous and evoked pain behaviors, and the up-regulation of P2X7R and IL-1β in the spinal cord. These data suggested that the up-regulation of P2X7Rs mediates microglial activation in the spinal dorsal horn, and therefore contributes to the development of BmK I-induced pain.